Gambling Is An Extremely Well Liked And Entertaining...

Gambling is an extremely well liked and entertaining activity for the Canadian population. In theory, gambling can be a sense of fun and games, yet it has always been inevitably linked to the Canadian Criminal Code. It has been noticed that, â€Å"Canadians spend more on legal, government-promoted gambling than on clothing, shoes and medicine combined† (Hutchison, 1999). In 1892 all forms of gambling were banned in Canada, with the exception of horse racing (Stevens, R., 2005). Throughout the years Canadians could gamble on horse races, which were charitable, and eventually lead to a Criminal Code amendment in 1969. This gave the federal and provincial governments use of the lottery and gambling profits to help fund important projects. Gambling promptly grew to encompass charity casinos, regular bingos and major lotteries (Smith, G., 2012). Legalized gambling in Canada is denoted by the Criminal Code of Canada, which essentially states that all gambling is illegal unless conducted by governments or charities (Innes, D., 2013). Additionally the Criminal Code states that the provincial governments can operate and manage electronic gaming machines. In 1985, the federal government handed over all jurisdictions for gaming activities to the provinces in Canada, and in return the provinces agreed to continue to pay the federal government a sum amount under the 1979 agreement. (Pruden, H., 2002). In 1989, Canada’s first commercial casino opened in Winnipeg. This was a major change forShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pages398 Unionizing Employees 349 Collective Bargaining 350 Preface The sailing crew on the cover faces many of the same goals and challenges as any organization in our unpredictable business environment. Success and possibly survival depend on a well designed boat with a carefully selected and thoroughly trained crew that understands the strategy of the race. They must be able to quickly adjust the sails, rigging, and rudder to keep moving forward and somehow gain a competitive advantage. SomeRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesenvironment. During the 1990s, he campaigned nationally against the use of drugs in youth venues. Thus the Ministry of Sound led in the transformation of club culture from an underground movement associated with ‘acid house’ into a mainstream youth market activity. An illuminated sign on Palumbo’s ofï ¬ ce wall read: We are building a global entertainment business based on a strong aspirational brand respected for its creativity and its quality. The Ministry of Sound team will be more professional, hard-working

Environmental Factors Affecting Human Evolution Essay

All living organisms in one way or another interact with the natural eco-system that is on Earth, which consists of the mixture of atmospherical, ocean, and land systems. As time progressed, the eco-system of Earth changed resulting in genetic mutation, migration to different environments better suited to preferred habitats, and extinction. Genetic mutations appeared in cases that led to the birth of new species by creating further genetic differences that allows more of a kind of species to survive by increase the chances of producing offspring and give adaptations to survive based around a new habitat. Furthermore, responses to environmental factors show that records of some organisms responded by creating change to their environments instead of themselves. Humans, with larger brains than other animals, have shown to do this substatially well as they possess greater intelligence than other life forms on Earth. This raises the possibily that environmental factors affected the evolut ion processes of Homo sapiens. From the study of fossil records from dispersive environmental conditions, they show to have stimulated developmental features because of the environment thus affecting human evolution. Over the years, diverse groups of human ancestry have emerged from different climates with evidence of adaptaions such as, little to no body hair, heavy amounts of hair on face and head, skin color, upright walking, increase of cranial size, and ability to understand the creation andShow MoreRelatedDiabetic Biological Variation - Rough Draft1275 Words   |  6 PagesDiabetic Biological Variation – Rough Draft Diabetes is a complex disease which bonds together evolution and environmental factors and creates many health issues for humans. Diabetes (mellitus) is classified into three groups of metabolic diseases that involves high blood sugar (glucose) and it can occur in different ways depending on circumstances. Type 2 diabetes occurs when cells do not function correctly, and evidently the cells do not properly respond to insulin. Type 1 diabetes involves theRead MoreDiabetes : A Complex Disease1295 Words   |  6 PagesDiabetes is a complex disease which bonds together evolution and environmental factors and creates many health issues for humans. Diabetes (mellitus) is classified into three groups of metabolic diseases which involves high blood sugar (glucose) and it can occur in different ways, depending on circumstances. Type 2 diabetes occurs when cells do not function correctly, and evidently the cells do not properly respond to insulin. Type 1 diabetes involves the body’s inadequate production of insulinRead MoreEssay about Evolution1502 Words   |  7 PagesAdaptations are phenotypic variants that result in the highest fitness among a specified set of variants in a given environment. In reference to humans, there are many traits that have been selected and adapted for throughout their evolutionary history giving them the characteristics that they have today. In this paper I will discuss some parts of the human body, which have been found to be selected for by the evolutionary mechanisms of natural selection, adaptation and mutation. Natural selectionRead MoreDessler 4ce Tif Ch015424 Words   |  22 PagesThe Strategic Role of Human Resources Management 1. Human resources management refers to a. management techniques for controlling people at work. b. concepts and techniques used in leading people at work. c. the management of people in organizations. d. all managerial activities. e. concepts and techniques for organizing work activities. Difficulty: 1 QuestionID: 01-01 Page-Reference: 2 Topic: Develops business cases for HR activity Skill: Recall Objective: LO-1 Define human resources managementRead MoreClassification of Organisms Essay1159 Words   |  5 Pagesvery similar (homologous) features can be assumed to have evolved from the same common ancestors, e.g. horses donkeys and zebras all have homologous features and can all be filed under the genus Equus. Artificial selection Humans have also had a hand in how many of the animals we see every day are the way they are. Take Dogs for example, they have been bred to produce a wide variety of qualities that we find desirable in them, and these can be behavioural, or physicalRead MoreHuman Resource Management Is The Body Of Knowledge And A Set Of Practices1336 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is it? Human Resource Management is the body of knowledge and a set of practices that define the nature of work and regulate the employment relationship. HRM is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment, management and providing direction for the people who work in the organization with the selection of employee, providing proper orientation and induction, providing proper training and the developing skills, assessment of employee (performance of appraisal), providingRead MoreEssay on The Earths Carrying Capacity for Humans1438 Words   |  6 PagesDoes the Earth have a Defined Carrying Capacity for Humans? 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The topic of biodiversity is of interest and significant to me, and others, because it provides all humans with food and materials as well as providing essential ecological services (WWF, n.d.)Read MoreThe Diversity Of Living Things1613 Words   |  7 PagesCaroline Shepherd STSE Diversity of Living Things 1. Benefits to human intervention: -Providing animals to a secure environment where humans will not interact with the animals. -Creation of animal protection law Risks to human intervention: -Destruction of habitat -Increase in pollution -Overexploitation -Introduction of invasive species 2. Climate change would have an impact on all members of the food chain. There would be lots of habitat loss and animals would have to try to move to a differentRead MoreMicrosoft Internal And External Factors1652 Words   |  7 Pagesthe current internal and external factors related to the business environment of the organization. An evaluation of the business environment in which, Microsoft operates in is very important for the progression of the company. The business environment factors are essentially divided into two groups: internal and external factors. These are events or situations that may impact Microsoft in either a positive or negative way. The internal business environmental factors are events that occur within company

Vandalization of Oil in The Niger-Delta State of Nigeria

Question: Discuss the vandalization process of pipeline within the oil communities of Niger Delta region of Nigeria? Answer: Introduction: This essay has discussed the vandalization process of pipeline within the oil communities of Niger Delta region of Nigeria. This essay discusses the process of vandalization on the pipeline of the region of Niger Delta. This raises the poverty of that particular place of Niger Delta. Oil pipeline within this region has been destroyed by some anti social people (Avwiri et al. 2012). However, this essay discusses the sole reason of this type of nuisance over the pipelines of Nigeria and the effect of this on the people and society of that region. Aim of this essay is to investigate the issues of communal disturbance within this particular region of Nigeria. The cause and effect of pipeline vandalism has also been discussed by this essay. Overview of the issue: Nigeria is a country of Africa and produces a large quantity of oil among Africa. Nigeria is the largest oil producing countries of Africa and positioned eleventh among the world. The economy of Africa depends upon the oil sector of Nigeria. The region of Niger Delta is situated in the south east part of Nigeria. In the year 1965, crude oil has been discovered in this region and this invention has been changed the people of this region. Two million barrels crude oil has been produced from Niger Delta ((Avwiri and Agbalagba, 2012). However, Badiru and Osisanya (2013) stated that, there are several places in this region has been underdeveloped till now. The people of that region has been suffered from immense poverty, backwardness etc. Exploitation of oil has become a great issue as this particular region has often being neglected by the government of African state. The Government has neglected the well being of the people and the region. For the negligence of government, the people of this region have become poor rather than other areas of Africa. Therefore, destruction of crude oil pipeline has been increased a lot within this region. Role of Government: As stated by, Kermani and Chevrot (2012), government of Nigeria has paid less attention towards the people of this region. The welfare as well as development of this area has been neglected by the government of Nigeria. Different government of several time has took initiatives but these initiatives were all not sufficient for that particular place and the well fare of that particular region of that place. Obasanjo Civilian Administration has taken initiative to develop made a Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC) bill (Olufemi Onweazu, 2012). On the other hand, Omeje (2006) argued that, Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC) bill has faced several controversies from different sides. This bill has provided no rays of hope for this region. The people of Niger Delta had rejected this bill as because the prior needs and demands of this region had not been fulfilled by this bill. The main demands of the people were the resource controlling process. However, the process of resource controlling has not been acquired by this bill. The controversies over this particular bill were also included in the process of funding, tax payment, and constitution of council etc major issues. Moreover, the Government has not taken prior initiatives for this region. The main needs and demands of the people of this region have not been fulfilled by the Government of Nigeria. Therefore, several initiatives of government have not been accepted by the people of this particular region. Pipeline destruction within this area: According to Owolabi and Okwechime (2010), Pipeline vandalization is a big issue of this place that has been resulted from the prior negligence of the government. Pipeline vandalization has extended into the explosion at the villages of this place. This type of nuisance activities has been increased within the recent year due to the prior negligence of the government. On the other hand, Rusco (2012) stated that, the main occupation of the people of this particular area is fishing. Apart from this activity, occupation of vandalization of pipelines is one of the major activities of the people of this region. However, the techniques of vandalism vary for the people of different places of this particular region. Major regions where vandalism takes place are the poorest place of this region. However, Owolabi and Okwechime (2010) argued that, the group who has been engaged in the vandalization process is highly knowledgeable of the process and system of pipeline. They also know the availabilities of cells and the numbers of fishes that has been cached per day. Immense poverty, colonialism and imperialism have affected the people of this region. The level of poverty has impacted upon this practice of nuisance of pipeline vandalization process of this region. Various types of product marketing company have recorded approx 100 cases of vandalism in this region. Several people have been died from this case of vandalism within this area. Adeje, Warri, Delta State have been victimized by this pipeline vandalism. However, Omeje (2006) argued that, governments intervention is not sufficient for resolving this case. The president of African Government has ordered to shoot the people who have found to vandalizing the pipeline of crude oil. The fire that has been set from the explosion of pipeline vandalization has caused for the death of many people of that particular region. On the other hand, Jacoby (2012) stated that, issue of underdevelopment is the major causes of vandalization exploitation, environmental devastation, degradation etc. The problems those are faced by the people of Niger Delta region are very much related with the underdevelopment, unemployment etc. Lack of good provision of road transformation, lack of effective health facilities and road transportation has impacted upon the people of the particular region to promote vandalism. Effect of pipeline vandalization: As stated by, Inkpen and Moffett (2011), oil pipeline vandalization has immense effects on the environmental pollution of the region. Freshwater pollution, soil pollution, gas pollution, chemical pollution, land pollution, air pollution, chemical pollution has been caused by oil pipeline vandalization and exploration. On the other hand, Avwiri and Agbalagba (2012) stated that, waste pollution, shortage of freshwater, loss of ecological system has been also caused by this vandalization. Noise pollution, health problem within the inhabitants of this region has been caused by the vandalization and exploration of the pipeline. These environmental problems have also caused for major societal issues of the particular region. However, Omeje (2006) stated that, land of Niger Delta has been polluted by the vandalization of pipeline. Land surface of this place has been ruined by the misuse of oil. Communal conflict has also been practices over this pipeline vandalism within this region. These problems are often characterized as social problems for the people of the particular region. Therefore, environmental problems are the most important issues for the society and the particular region. Inhabitants of Niger Delta have suffered from the several environmental issues due to the pipeline vandalism of this particular place. Soil erosion and waste erosion has been impacted upon the problems of this place within the people of the particular region. Pipeline explosion has also impacted over the poor people of that place. Conclusion: Underdevelopment, poverty and negligence of government have created trouble to the people of Niger Delta region. For this case, the people have associated with the vandalization process. Therefore, the government should be responsible on this purpose. Oil exploitation has resulted environmental degradation of Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Government should focus upon the needs and demands of the people of that particular region. Government should take responsibility in order to eradicate the poverty and underdevelopment of this place within this region. Reference lists Books Badiru, A. and Osisanya, S. (2013). Project management for the oil and gas industry. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. Inkpen, A. and Moffett, M. (2011). The global oil gas industry. Tulsa, Okla.: PennWell. Jacoby, D. (2012). Optimal supply chain management in oil, gas, and power generation. Tulsa, Okla.: PennWell Corp. Journals Avwiri G. O, A., Osarolube E, O. and Alao A.A, A. (2012). Assessment of Natural Radionuclide Content in Some Commonly Consumed Vegetables and Fruits in Oil Mining Lease (OML) 58 and 61, Oil and Gas Producing Areas in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria Using Gamma-Ray. IJSR, 2(2), pp.376-379. Avwiri, G. and Agbalagba, E. (2012). Studies On The Radiological Impact Of Oil And Gas Activities In Oil Mineral Lease 30 (Oml30) Oil Fields In Delta State, Nigeria. Journal of Petroleum Environmental Biotechnology, 03(02). Kermani, B. and Chevrot, T. (2012). Recommended practice for corrosion management of pipelines in oil and gas production and transportation (EFC 64). Leeds: Maney Pub. Olufemi Onweazu, O. (2012). Multinational Oil Corporations Corporate Integrity Ethics and Sustainable Development in Niger Delta, Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development, 5(10). Omeje, K. (2006). The Rentier State: Oil-related Legislation And Conflict In The Niger Delta, Nigeria. Conflict, Security Development, 6(2), pp.211-230. Owolabi, O. and Okwechime, I. (2010). Oil and Security in Nigeria: The Niger Delta Crisis. Africa Development, 32(1). Rusco, F. (2012). Oil and gas management. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Govt. Accountability Office.

International Management Organisation vs. National Culture

Executive Summary Corporate cultures are important since they aid in streamlining the operations of organizations in a given environment. Corporate cultures are established over a long period of time and are dependent on the environment in which an organization is operating.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on International Management: Organisation vs. National Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The introduction of this paper expounds on corporate culture and cross-cultural management. The second part brings out the aspects of management that characterize national cultures in London, Tokyo, and Singapore. The third part explores the issue of corporate culture and national cultures in international management. Introduction One of the most critical challenges in international management is the conflict between established corporate cultures of multinationals and the corporate cultures that prevail in different re gions where firms establish their operations (Ogunmokun Ling, 1999). This paper explores variations in regional cultures and the corporate culture of an organization originated from the United States. The regions that are touched upon in the paper are Tokyo, London, and Singapore. This paper argues that organizations make adjustments to corporate cultures as a way of adapting to corporate practices in the global business environment. Overview of corporate culture in the context of managing in the four regions Most of the aspects of dynamism in international management come from the variation of corporate cultures in this environment (Schneider Barsoux 2003). Multinational companies often establish corporate cultures that help them thrive in different markets across the globe (Oberg 2004). They often adopt a hybrid system of management which aids multinational firms to bridge the cultural gap that prevails between their corporate culture and the established corporate culture in the given region (Pagell, Katz Sheu 2005). According to the Hofstede Centre (2013), there is a close cultural relation between the United States and the UK. Both countries adopt quick reporting of organizational activities. There is also an emphasis on creativity in the discharge of organizational functions in the two countries. However, there is a wide gap between the national culture of Japan and Singapore in relation to the culture of the United States. Individual relationships are given a lot of emphasis in Japanese transactions.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nonetheless, the uniting factor in as far as integration of the national cultures of the four countries is concerned is the preference of economic or organizational growth through application of strategy. Contrary to the Schein model, most of the attributes of culture in the regions presented in this paper are more visible and easy for the organization to adjust to the culture in London, Tokyo and Singapore. Fard, Rostamy and Taghiloo (2009) ascertain the value of understanding the attributes of national cultures by eliciting the Hofstede model of cross cultural management. According to this model, the national culture of management is established through the prevailing systems and structures of management in a given country (Berg van den Wilderom 2004). This means that multinationals often replicate their corporate cultures from the attributes of management that are embraced in the parent country (Morschett, Schramm-Klein Zentes 2010). The rooting of organizational culture in the practices of management embraced in a country makes it quite daunting for a firm to effectively deal with the variation in culture when it enters foreign environments (Jones 2007). Corporate success depends on the ability of a firm to master its operational environment and stage its operations in a way that appeals the culture that is established in the given environment (Wursten Fadrhonc, 2012). It is worth noting that corporate cultures cannot be totally exported in foreign environments (Puffer 2004). Exploring organizational corporate culture in cross-culture management Lloyd and HÃ ¤rtel (2004) observe that there is a universal embrace of human resource management across the globe. The US values a total quality culture in the management of both people and other organizational resources. This is also embraced by most of the leading economies in Europe, like the United Kingdom. The recent managerial era in Asia has also seen a shift towards the embrace of quality in human and strategic business management. This can be traced back in the early 1990s where Asian countries realized the need for promoting a quality culture as a way of increasing their competitive force as far as competing with the western quality culture is concerned (de Mooij Hofstede 2010). This factor has promoted a desir able business environment in most Asian countries like Japan and Singapore. Thus, it can be viewed that it is easy for an organization from the United States to adapt to the corporate culture that is embraced in most European countries, as well as the emergent economies in Asia.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on International Management: Organisation vs. National Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The main areas that have to be given attention to is positioning of human resource as secondary or reactive, as far as the operation of a firm and the discharge of human resource practices by multinationals that operate in Asia are concerned. This contradicts the human resource culture in the United States and Europe, where human resource practices are strongly embedded in business practices (Wilcoxson Millett 2000). Firms in the United States are widely known for embracing high standards of employee management, e specially in the service sector. Therefore, it becomes easy for a service firm from the United States to adapt to the regions that are ranked lower than the United States in terms of service offering. This can also be attributed to total quality management, which is a critical factor in business positioning in the United States. Total quality culture is an aspect of management that is highly embraced in western firms (Cayla Arnould 2008). Emerging economies like Singapore have also focused on quality as they seek to exert competitive pressures on western firms that have dominated the international market scene for a long period of time (Hennig-Thurau et al. 2005). The antecedents of brand quality and preference are other critical aspects of culture, especially for the US firms that operate in the Asian region (Deleersnyder et al. 2009). Research has shown the tendency of customers in the Asian region to give preference to local brands. So, success of the firm in Singapore and Tokyo requires the company to incorporate local business attributes in its services and products (Delong et al. 2004; Fletcher n.d). Singapore, Tokyo and London present ethnically diverse regions in the world. The ethnic diversity in these regions comes from the fact that they have active and well developed business environments. Tackling the problem of expatriate management is vital towards efficiency and effectiveness of subsidiary firms and effective positioning of the company in the foreign business environment (Pires, Stanton Ostenfeld 2006; Lizardo n.d.). Conclusion Managing a United States based multinational company in Tokyo, Singapore and London requires the organization to focus on cultural variations in the region. The financial services firm in the United States focuses on service quality and strategic human resources. Managing in Singapore and Tokyo requires the organization to adjust its activities due to the tendency of customers in the region to focus on local brands. Th e score matches presented by the Hofstede centre denote that there will be a greater need to embrace cross-cultural communication for firms that will be established in Tokyo and Singapore, due to the embrace of business models that vary from those embraced in New York and London.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reference List Berg van den, PT Wilderom, CPM 2004, ‘Defining, measuring, and comparing organisational cultures’, Applied Psychology, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 570-582. Cayla, J Arnould, EJ 2008, ‘A cultural approach to branding in the global marketplace’, Journal of International Marketing, vol. 16 Issue 4, pp. 86-112. de Mooij M Hofstede G, 2010, ‘The Hofstede model applications to global branding and advertising strategy and research’, International Journal of Advertising, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 85–110. Deleersnyder, B, Dekimpe, MG, Steenkamp, JEM Leeflang, PSH 2009, ‘The role of national culture in advertising’s sensitivity to business cycles: An investigation across continents’ Journal of Marketing Research (JMR), vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 623-636. Delong, M, Bao, M, Wu, J, Chao, H Li, M 2004, ‘Perception of US branded apparel in Shanghai’, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, vol. 8 no. 2, pp. 141-153 . Fard, HD, Rostamy, AAA, Taghiloo, H 2009, ‘How Types of Organisational cultures contribute in shaping learning organisations’, Singapore Management Review, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 49-61. Fletcher, R n.d., ‘Country of origin’ and ‘psychic distance’: Separate constructs or two sides of the one coin? Web. Hennig-Thurau, T, Gwinner, KP, Gremler, DD Paul, M 2005, ‘Managing service relationships in a global economy: exploring the impact of national culture on the relevance of customer relational benefits for gaining loyal customers’, in K. de Ruyter and P. Pauwels (ed.) Research on International Service Marketing: A state of the Art (Advances in International Marketing, volume 15), Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, pp. 11-31. Hofstede Centre 2013, National cultural dimensions. Web. Jones, ML 2007, Hofstede- Culturally questionable?, Oxford Business Economics Conference, Oxford. Lizardo, O n.d., Globalization and culture: A soci ological perspective. Web. Lloyd, SLL HÃ ¤rtel, CEJ 2004, ‘Predicting IHRM strategy and practice decisions: development of the IHRM orientation typology’, Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, vol. 11 no. 4, pp. 60-76. Morschett, D, Schramm-Klein, H, Zentes, J 2010, Strategic international management: Text and cases, Gabler, Wiesbaden. Oberg, K 2004, ‘Culture shock and the problem of adjustment to new cultural environments’, Worldwide Classroom. Web. Ogunmokun, GO, Ling, YL 1999, ‘Globalization versus adaptation strategy in international marketing: A study of exporting companies in the People’s Republic of China’, AAM Journal, vol. 4, no 2, pp. 24-41. Pagell, M, Katz, J Sheu, C 2005, ‘The importance of national culture in operations management research’, International Journal of Operations Production Management, vol. 25 no.3/4, pp. 371-94. Pires, G, Stanton, J Ostenfeld, S 2006, ‘Improving expatri ate adjustment and effectiveness in ethnically diverse countries: marketing insights’, Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, vol. 13 no. 2, pp. 156-170. Puffer, SM 2004, International management: Insights from fiction and practise, M.E. Sharpe, New York, NY. Schneider, S Barsoux, J 2003, Managing across cultures, 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall, Harlow. Wilcoxson L Millett B 2000, ‘The management of organisational culture’, Australian Journal of Management Organisational Behaviour, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 91-99. Wursten, H Fadrhonc, T 2012, International marketing and culture. Web. This essay on International Management: Organisation vs. National Culture was written and submitted by user Cain Bradford to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sulfur Hexafluoride, the Anti-Helium

Sulfur Hexafluoride, the Anti-Helium Sulfur hexafluoride is a non-toxic, invisible gas that you can use to perform interesting chemistry demonstrations. Breathe it in and make your voice much deeper when you talk. Pour it into a container and float an airplane or a ship on nothing. In a way, it is like the anti-helium gas, because while helium is about six times lighter than air, sulfur hexafluoride is six times heavier. Sulfur Hexafluoride Facts Inorganic compound with a chemical formula SF6Non-polar gasNon-toxic, odorless, colorlessnNn-flammable at room temperature and pressureOctahedral geometryPoorly soluble in water; soluble in nonpolar organic solventsDensity of 6.13 g/L at sea level Fun Things to Try with Sulfur Hexafluoride Float Your Boat: Pour sulfur hexafluoride into an aquarium or large beaker. It is heavier than air, so it will sink. You can float light objects on the invisible gas, such as a paper airplane or a boat made from aluminum foil. If you use a cup to scoop up some of the sulfur hexafluoride and dump it into a foil boat, you can sink it.Talk or Sing with a Deep Voice: Sulfur hexafluoride is denser than air, so sound travels through it more slowly. If you breathe in a lungful of sulfur hexafluoride, your voice will become much deeper. Even though sulfur hexafluoride is non-toxic, you need to use care when performing this demonstration to avoid hypoxia and fainting (the same caution applies to helium). Dont breathe the gas for prolonged periods of time. Where You Can Get Sulfur Hexafluoride Sulfur hexafluoride is a specialty gas, used in medicine for eye surgery and ultrasound imaging; in industry as a tracer gas, dielectric, and as an etchant; and mixed with argon as an insulator between layers of windows. It has enough uses that you may be able to find it at a store that sells specialty gasses (try the yellow pages), such as oxygen, argon, and nitrogen.

Trucking is the Most Common American Job in Each State

Trucking is the Most Common American Job in Each State If you were on the fence about enrolling in a Class A CDL class, wait no longer! Truck driver has just passed secretary to become the most common U.S. job, according to the latest Census Bureau data and Roadmaster.com! According to NPR, the decline of secretary positions due to the rise of personal computers, the outsourcing of manufacturing, and the erosion of regional specialization are all contributing factors to this shift. Globalization and technology have made big changes to farmers and machine operators across the country.In Washington, D.C. and neighboring Virginia and Maryland, job holder majority is held by government workers, federal contractors, and software developers, but elsewhere in the heartland, truck drivers are leading the way. Of course, the Census Bureau also groups all truck drivers and delivery people into the same category- other fields like teaching are split into subgroups that lessen their statistical impact.Truck driving also has the benefit of always rem aining a necessity- people will always need to get their products from point A to point B, and trucks pick up where planes, trains and boats leave off.Despite the popularity of the gig in the rig, according to Roadmaster there’s still a shortage of qualified drivers, so if you’re considering a license, consider this the sign you’ve been waiting for and get to work to get behind the wheel!

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

International Business - Essay Example The demands and supply in the international market determines the exchange rate of world major currencies. The supply of a nation currency reflects demands for foreign goods services and securities by that country. The demand of a currency of a country reflects foreign demand for that country goods, services and securities from other countries. Ceteris Paribus, the quantity demanded reflects a negative function of the exchange rate. The market gravitates to equilibrium exchange rate where quantity demanded is equal to the quantity supplied. For instance, Ceteris Paribus, from initial equilibrium, if U.S incomes, inflations or foreign interests’ rates rise, U.S demand for foreign goods, services and securities will increase and so will the supply of dollar. The market will gravitate to the new equilibrium at a lower exchange rate that corresponds to the depreciation of the dollar (Bigman and Teizo 2003, p. 88). Similarly, Ceteris Paribus, if foreign incomes, foreign inflations, or U.S interest rates rise, foreign demands for U.S goods, services and securities will rise and so will be the demand for the dollar. The market will gravitate to a new equilibrium at a higher exchange rate that corresponds to an appreciation of the dollar. ... However, it is worth to note that market forces are not the only factors that influence the exchange rate. In addition, Central Bank may intervene in the foreign exchange market selling or buying currencies to impact the exchange rates. Central bank intervenes when the currency becomes either over or under valued. This system is distinctively different from the fixed exchange rate system under the Breton woods accord. Therefore, it is interesting to note that the present international monetary system can be characterized more correctly as a managed float exchange rate system. This is because the exchange rates changes according to demand and supply, however, central bank may intervene when deemed necessary to save the currency (Burton 2009, p.436). Opponent of Floating exchange rate system argues that’s the system leads to exchange rate volatility which consequently affects trade. Analysis of the effect of exchange rate volatility on trade can be grouped into two. There are th ose who use time series evidence to look at the relationship between volatility and trade, and there are those who use cross- sectional comparison across countries. Results on different studies relating to effect of exchange rate volatility and trade using the time series evidence varies quite widely a few have found a significant effect but most finds little or no impact, for instances surveys done by IMF in 1984 and the Commission for European Communities in 1990. This research indicates that higher volatility has a small negative impact on trade volumes (Burton 2009, p.438). Alternatively, comparisons can be made across countries rather than over time. A model of expected trade flows between countries calculates

Sharp Corporation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Sharp Corporation - Essay Example The founder played a great role in the establishment and maintenance of the company. His good timing provided the company a significant and profitable market share. The company was not a leader in a wide range of technologies, initially; it led only in a narrow section of the market. Also, it did not receive any benefit of financial backing from the zaibatsu conglomerates or the government. Hayakawa and his company were forced to produce devices for the military during the Second World War and was renamed as the Hayakawa Electrical Industries in 1942. The company re emerged after the war much damaged but still motivated to go on. The company has been through all the ups and downs in this long period but has not only sustained itself but has emerged as one of the leaders in electronic product market. Innovation and technological prowess along with diversified product portfolio has been the reason behind the success of sharp corporation behind its success. It is note worthy that the product mix has been kept changing so that they are not outdated and people expect more out of sharp products. This leads to investment in R& D and the cutting edge technology which acts as a driving force behind the successful sustainment of sharp as the leader in technology domain. The cutting edge technology combined with a never ending quest for creating newer products that have never been seen before has brought the company to where it is today. The spirit of creating new and innovative products has been the major driving force for the success of this company which has passed down over generations as the "DNA of creativity". The companies R&D works on the basic motto as mentioned by its founder, Tokuji Hayakawa, "make products that others want to imitate". In his words "products that get imitated are good products that consumers want; products that sell. Therefore, if you always try to come out with products that your competitors imitate, your company will steadily grow. Imitation gives rise to competition, raises the level of technology, and leads to progress in society" and this has been something what the company has been trying to do since its inception. Sharp attributes its success to the company's wide range of electronic products including the IMAGER series of copiers and networkable copier/printers ranging in speed from 15 to 50 pages-per minute and its solar panels (Sharp 2008) 2. .In what ways does being a Japanese company contribute to Sharp's success Sharp Corporation is a Japanese electronic company which was founded in the year 1912 by its founder Tokuji Hayakawa. The company initially started as a small metal workshop. The company was not a leader in the market at that time and had a low profile. Then the innovative product "ever sharp pencil" gave the company a boost in 1915. Slowly and steadily the company started to make more and more profit. It started focusing on innovative technologies and newer products. It followed two basic principles of "creativity and sincerity". The company started to make newer innovative products which people would like to imitate. In the year 1973, the company started focusing on liquid crystal displays (LCD) and then later on more lifestyle products were introduced in the market. Down the line Sharp

The Perfect Storm Film Essay Example for Free

The Perfect Storm Film Essay My favorite part of The Perfect Storm actually happens when Bobby Shatford, and Albert Pierre have a bad premonition and decide not to go on the trip. Knowing they are right adds to the suspense of the situation. This part of the book is the most unbelievable though because the trip is their job, it seems like they would go. The most believable part was how the storm is described. It might seem unrealistic but I think it is tame to what can happen in the ocean. There are all kinds of dangers in the ocean. Over all I do not like the suffering of the people on the boat and also the later suffering of the people of the town. While I did not like the suffering my favorite character was in fact the storm, the storm represented so much such as nature herself, the unbeatable opponent, etc. The storm was the most crucial character in the book. The ending was all right but not what I expected. I had thought the book would be a lot different starting with some guys going to sea then going through a storm and either ending in the storm or shortly after but a lot of info was given about fishing, and the ending went farther then I expected. The title fits the book because during the book you are told about the past and how bad the sea can be and then this storm happens that could happen at any time now or when people first began fishing in Glouster and it is as nasty a storm as you can imagine. A major theme of the book was man vs. nature.

Preventing Computer Vision Syndrome :: Health Vision Computer Essays

Preventing Computer Vision Syndrome Many people in today’s world experience a number of discomforts in relation to spending too much time in front of a computer. These discomforts are especially common for students at Iowa State University because computer technology is used for most of the classes taught here. Many students are unaware of the damage that they are doing to themselves by staring at computer screens for extended periods of time. This paper will describe some of the effects that these students may experience which include: dry, burning eyes; blurred vision; delayed focusing; altered color perception; headaches; tired eyes; eyestrain; sore eyes; red eyes; contact lens discomfort; glare sensitivity; excessive tearing; neck, shoulder and back pain (intersights). Collectively, these symptoms have been termed Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) by the American Optometry Association (eye2eye). The purpose of this paper is to make students aware of some of the effects of long hours spent in front of a computer, and what they can do to prevent these effects. This paper will cover the causes of common effects of Computer Vision Syndrome in detail so that students are aware of the causes as well as the effects of extended amounts of computer usage. When the students know that their computer is the source of the discomforts described below, they will be able to easily prevent these discomforts. Ultimately, this paper will help students become much more efficient in their computer work when they know what causes the effects of Computer Vision Syndrome are and how they can prevent them. What Are the Causes of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS)? When a person is looking at a computer screen, that person is processing information at a very rapid rate. The human eye is designed to see clearly at distances of three to twenty feet away without any accommodations, and at this range our eyes traditionally experience no discomfort. When the average person is looking at a computer screen, that screen is usually around twenty inches away from the eyes. The eyes must continually expand and contract to continually refocus to compensate for this small distance. The eye is just not designed to be able to handle staying contracted for any amount of time, and the result is tired, dry, and very sore eyes (eye2eye). The images and text on a computer screen are composed of pixels. Pixels are tiny dots that are bright in the center and fuzzy on the edges and are usually accompanied by backgrounds that do not lend a strong contrast to the written text.

Advertisement on Tv

IMPORTANCE of TELEVISION Today it is very common in industrialized countries for a household to have at least one television. In fact, it is so common that it is difficult to imagine a household without TV. This shows just how important television is. To understand how important television is, we can look at the variety of programs and valuable content it offers and the purposes it serves in daily life. First of all, there are many different types of programs on television. The viewer can watch a weather report to prepare for the day. Cartoons and sport provide relaxation and fun.School programs, documentaries and the news teach us about the world. And advertisements inform us about products and new ideas. Secondly, the content is very appealing because it is realistic and up to date. As TV is a medium that combines moving, color images and sound, it resembles real life, so the viewers can identify with what they see. Furthermore, modern technology means that the content is up to dat e, for example, news reports can be broadcast live and from all over the world. This means that information is available almost anywhere at any time.Finally, TV can be used to enhance many important aspects of everyday life. People seek entertainment and distraction, and TV can give us that in the form of films or cartoons. People want education, information and instruction because they are inquisitive and like to learn. TV gives us this in documentaries or educational programs, and in reports or cultural programs. People enjoy creativity, and TV gives us that in the work of all the people involved in creating clever film scripts, effective scenery, witty dialogues or magnificent camera shots.TV gives us the world, other cultures, other people, languages and ideas. It introduces us to knowledge. As we have seen, television offers us a wide range of valuable programs and content and serves many purposes in our daily lives. TV not only provides many types of programs with interesting and broad content, but it also serves to fulfill our needs in terms of entertainment and knowledge. TV is an integral and vital medium today. It can contribute positively to the education of society and people’s awareness of others, and it will continue to have a strong influence for many years to comeTelevision is very important in human life. Because these day people has pressure of work and has lot of stress in mind. So television play important role to release pressure and stress byRockks Was this Helpful or Not Helpful Anonymous 74%Helpful It helps us to know what is happening all over the world through the discussions it educates us in the areas we are not familiar with by Anonymous Was this Helpful or Not Helpful Anonymous 77%Helpful Because without it most of us would be living without knowing what is happening elsewhere. by Anonymous Was this Helpful or Not HelpfulArnavcoool 64%Helpful Television has done a lot to our life. if we see the positive side then it is the only system that keeps us uptodate with the different happenings in the outside world. moreover entertainment which is the need of hour is being done by it,in many families it helps student life when they hear some news,watchenglish movies which in a way makes them little bit broad minded. over and above all it is a source of many usefull things that are really necessary to our daily life. byArnavcoool Was this Helpful or Not Helpful Anonymous 54%HelpfulI like it cause its cool, and fun,,so yeah†¦. I love it by Anonymous Was this Helpful or Not Helpful Kristiw 44%Helpful It keeps us up to date on what is going on in the world if you watch the news. Also for us mothers with little ones(I have a 2 year old) it is a great source of entertainment and distraction so I can clean or cook for at least 15 to 20 minutes at a time†¦.. Lol byKristiw Was this Helpful or Not Helpful Anonymous 17%Helpful Television can helps us in our life if the Google TV device is attach with televisio n. Google TV device is the beauty of television.Television entertainment is bored and incomplete without Google TV device. HDMI port is necessary for Google TV device. With Google TV device,we can browse internet on TV. We can enjoy movies, chatting,videos,channels,games including sensor based games,android apps like Pandora, CNBC etc. We can also enjoy TV,internet,android apps at the same time with Google TV device. by Anonymous Was this Helpful or Not Helpful Miss-b 30%Helpful Over 90% of the time because of entertainment, then it's also part of being updated. Television has had a mostly negative effect on society. bahareh Apr 26, 2011, 10:21am #1Television shows are the most popular program that can amuse people who are interested in watching them. Nowadays, people especially children are depended on TV to spend their time, and they would rather to fill up their schedule by sitting in front of TV and watching it. However, watching TV brings mostly negative effects such as threat to the maintenance of traditional family values, children's future, and people's behavior. Nowadays, television threats to the maintenance of traditional family values. Parents spend less time with their children now, and they are too busy to be with their children.However, TV can be the third parent for children, and children are willing to spend the rest of their daily time to watch it instead of being with their parents. However, there were different relationship between parents and children before the TV invention, which was stronger and more connectable. Unfortunately, old values will slowly slip away and new ones, established by TV, will take their place. Watching TV provides many disadvantages for our children's future and their health. While watching TV, children have less play time and also physical activities in open space with their friends, so they won't be able to have a healthy life.Besides, another issue related to watching TV, is a developmental disorder in the part of brain which is for language skill; therefore, children can't pay attention effectively; have concentration. TV has brought many changes in people's behavior, and their response to others. Most of TV shows contains of many various advertisements that could affect on people and mainly on their children. People especially children may have early exposure to wild variety of things such as super hero shows like superman and all things that are related to him and his story, so children try to act like Superman whether it is a good behavior or not.Therefore, media such as TV impacts deeply on children mind, and their virtual view of their life. Finally, although television has had many negative effects on our life, it can be a good tool for learning or discovering new subjects. Sometimes, children use it as a resource to increase their knowledge and information, but not spending too much time only on watching it . As a result, people should consider all consequences of watching TV, and other negative circumstances like losing traditional family values or children's future. Positive impacts on people Positive impacts could be education.There are some very thought provoking and informative shows on tv. It can also give you some needed information about products, services, important dates or alerts, our country, the war, just about anything that is effecting the public at large. Negative could be the allowances of sexuality for minors, negative politics, incorrect information, or if something scary is on it could cause nightmares. positive: helps society remain informed about current events and about other things ( such as nature shows, etc) Positive it give lot's of information is a very good center of news that keep us in contact with our world. ow they have great learning channels like national geographic , discovery and history channel and more on the negative side most of the entertainment is junk and promote to much ideas for violence and sex to young people. n egatives: well, it has been clinically proven that TV's do not affect your eyesight, so just scratch that out. TV do, howver, require that one spend less time socializing about current events and debating on them, as there are many shows that do exactly this and there is no need for a debate anymore,. This affects sociologically. he media affects EVERYONE,including magazines and other sorts of entertainments.. have u realized that ever since television came out,people started to look at guys differently and changed their own appearance.. sort of like imitating the people ur watching cuzur thinking their so special and you want to be like them so badly that uve become a monster.. lmao.. idont think it has a postive impact excluding entertainment Televison is educational even if its a cartoon there is educational stuff in every show you watch. I really didnt notice that untill a year ago but it is true.So next time when your watching something try and see if you can learn something be cause I bet you can. Some experts, however, believe that TV is not all that bad. They qualify though that viewing TV can be good if it is done in moderation, and if the program being watched is selected: Some TV shows can educate, inform and inspire. It can be more effective than books or audiotapes in teaching your kid about processes like how a plant grows or how to bake a cake. Studies show that kids who watch educational and non-violent children’s shows do better on reading and math tests than those who do not watch these programs.Kids who watch informative and educational shows as preschoolers tend to watch more informative and educational shows when they get older. They use TV effectively as a complement to school learning. On the other hand, kids who watch more entertainment program watch fewer informative programs as they get older (Macbeth, 1996). Preschoolers who viewed educational programs tend to have higher grades, are less aggressive and value their studies more when they reach high school, according to a long-term study (Anderson, et. al, 2001).Finally, scientists from the University of Siena found that children experience a soothing, painkilling effect by watching cartoons. So perhaps, a little entertainment TV can be a source of relief to kids who are stressed or are in pain. It is hard to avoid television if you are a kid. People in the house are usually tuned in to TV – siblings as well as parents. In some homes, the television is perpetually â€Å"on† even without anyone watching. It is common for parents and caregivers to use TV as a substitute babysitter. Also, many parents buy videos that they think can make their kids smart. But how does watching TV really affect children?The bad news is, the majority of experts think that a TV/video-driven culture has bad effects on kids – and may prevent kids from being smart. They cite the following: TV provides no educational benefits for a child under age 2. Worse, it st eals time for activities that actually develop her brain, like interacting with other people and playing. A child learns a lot more efficiently from real interaction – with people and things, rather than things she sees on a video screen. TV viewing takes away the time that your child needs to develop important skills like language, creativity, motor, and social skills.These skills are developed in the kids’ first two years (a critical time for brain development) through play, exploration, and conversation. Your kid’s language skills, for example, do not improve by passively listening to the TV. It is developed by interacting with people, when talking and listening is used in the context of real life. TV viewing numbs your kid's mind as it prevents your child from exercising initiative, being intellectually challenged, thinking analytically, and using his imagination. TV viewing takes away time from reading and improving reading skills through practice (Comstock , 1991).Kids watching cartoons and entertainment television during pre-school years have poorer pre-reading skills at age 5 (Macbeth, 1996). Also, kids who watch entertainment TV are also less likely to read books and other print media (Wright ; Huston, 1995). According to Speech and language expert Dr. Sally Ward, 20 years of research show that kids who are bombarded by background TV noise in their homes have trouble paying attention to voices when there is also background noise. Kids who watch a lot of TV have trouble paying attention to teachers because they are accustomed to the fast-paced visual stimulation on TV.Kids who watch TV more than they talk to their family have a difficult time adjusting from being visual learners to aural learners (learning by listening). They also have shorter attention spans. School kids who watch too much TV also tend to work less on their homework. When doing homework with TV on the background, kids tend to retain less skill and information. When they lose sleep because of TV, they become less alert during the day, and this results in poor school performance. TV exposes your kid to negative influences, and promotes negative behavior.TV shows and commercials usually show violence, alcohol, drug use and sex in a positive light. The mind of your kid is like clay. It forms early impressions on what it sees, and these early impressions determine how he sees the world and affect his grown-up behavior. For instance, twenty years of research has shown that children who are more exposed to media violence behave more aggressively as kids and when they are older. They are taught by TV that violence is the way to resolve conflict – as when a TV hero beats up a bad guy to subdue him.Kids who watch too much TV are usually overweight, according to the American Medical Association. Kids often snack on junk food while watching TV. They are also influenced by commercials to consume unhealthy food. Also, they are not running, jumping, or doing activities that burn calories and increase metabolism. Obese kids, unless they change their habits, tend to be obese when they become adults. Researchers from the University of Sydney report a link between total screen time and retinal artery width in children. Kids with lots of screen time were found to have narrow artery in their eyes, which may indicate heart risk.TV watching also affects a child’s health and athletic ability. The more television a child watches, even in the first years of life, the more likely he is to be obese and less muscularly fit, according to a study by the University of Montreal. Even though your kid does not aspire to be a football star, his athletic abilities are important not only for physical health, but predicting how physically active he will be as an adult Why people shouldn’t watch too much television Watching television is an experience shared by most adults and children. It is cheap, appealing, and within the reach of the general public.In this way, TV has become an important mass media around the world. Sadly, this resource isn’t used in a way that people could get the best possible benefits from it. The purpose of this essay is to persuade the reader that people shouldn’t watch too much television because the content of many TV programs is not educational; it makes people waste time that could be used in more beneficial activities; and it negatively affects people’s mental development. The first reason why people shouldn’t watch too much television is because the content of many TV programs is not educational.Nowadays, we can see movies, series, and shows that present scenes of violence, sex, and drugs. This has established wrong concepts among the audience that influence them into having a negative behavior. Moreover, the impact this tendency has on children is worse because they grow up with the idea of a world where women must be slender and blonde to stand out, where problems can only be solved with money and violence, and where wars are inevitable. The second reason why people shouldn’t watch too much television is because it makes people waste time that could be used in more beneficial activities.The time we spend watching TV could be applied to useful activities like exercise, reading, interacting with friends and family, activities that are a crucial for a healthy lifestyle. The third reason why people shouldn’t watch too much television is because it negatively affects people’s mental development. According to several scientific studies, watching TV for prolonged periods of time has a negative effect over the intellectual development of children and leads to deterioration of the mental capacity in older people by causing both attention and memory problems in the long term.In conclusion, people shouldn’t watch too much television because the content of many TV programs is not educational; it makes people waste ti me that could be used in more beneficial activities; and it affects people’s mental development. However, this doesn’t mean that we should ban TV, but if we are going to watch it, we should do it with moderation. Television is a resource that we should learn to use through the right selection of programs by taking an active and critical attitude towards it. Independent Writing: The purpose of television is to educate, not to entertain. o you agree with that? —***— One of the most important inventions of the human’s history is television (TV). Since it was invented, the broadcasting machine has been used for many purposes, it helps people relax, entertain them, not just educates. Obviously, there are many TV programs that are designed to educate people, keep the viewers aware of what are happening in the wide world. Nowadays, in the hasty pace of life, people are spending more and more time on getting knowledge on TV not only for their jobs but also for daily purposes.People can know about the severe war in the Middle East, the presentation of the President or how the NYSE is working. The entertaining purpose of TV is apparent, and it is an important purpose, too. After working hard, a person needs to rest, also, after being educated, he craves for being entertained. Teaching is not all, but teaching and entertaining when go together can have a good effect on TV viewers. The knowledge that they have got earlier can be absorbed more easily later on. They can listen to music, watch game-shows and other pleasure activities. This way, the stress that has strained viewers can be blown out more easily.Not only helping people get out of stress, TV also makes them have new ideas, and thoughts. The colors and sound that they see in many entertainment programs on the screen can somehow affect the brain, motivate it to work in diverse ways, hence the creation of art, songs or even science. The entertaining programs on TV can also connect people all around the world, especially through interactive programs. People can share their opinions, their thoughts about certain global issues, therefore, not only the understanding among countries is improved but also the problems at the time can be solved more easily.Through TV, several songs that bear peace messages, such as â€Å"Heal the world†,can spread to many people, evoking in them the wish for peace and humanity. To sum up, the educating purpose of TV cannot be denied, but is that all while there are also many programs on TV that are designed to make people laugh, cry, be happy or sad? TV should be seen as a device that can both educate and entertain viewers, not just a strict teacher who always forces his learners to be stressful with dry knowledge.

Environmental Impacts Essay

Global climate change as seen above results in increased amounts of rainfall which in turn causes an increase in erosion levels in arid and semi-arid areas of island nations which does not have adequate protective vegetation cover Loss of soil implicates that the quality of soil cannot support the desired agricultural production and consequently low economic value for the country. With strong waves and wind speeds, some weather phenomenon can uproot trees in some areas resulting deforestation and in the future deserts can be created. (U. S Environment Protection Agency, 2007) Legal Address on Global Climate Change The United States through its Federal Court heard on September, 2006 the first case concerning global climate change where the companies had sued the state for implementing an act regulating the carbon dioxide emissions from cars that are not hybrid. The clean Air Act had stated that it greenhouse gases are considered air pollutants and therefore provided strict regulations of dealing with it. Other countries are still pushing the United States to agree with other countries on the Kyoto protocol on global warming which was rejected by some powerful countries which compromise their economic status in expense of the environmental concerns which will affect almost every human being on earth. Outcome of global warming The most immediate consequences of global climate change are; ? Rise in global temperatures ? Rising sea level ? Changes in precipitation patterns ? Increase in intensity and frequency of some extreme weather conditions such as the Tsunami ? Significant changes in agricultural yields ? Extinctions of some species ? Reduction in stream flows ? Glacier retreat ? Easier spread of disease ? Changes in mountain snow pack ? Water shortages Research has shown that global temperatures in the seas and on land have increased by 0. 75 Â °C in the last century. The most significant changes were seen in the 1990s due to the increased greenhouse effects and increased human activity. Going by estimates of the Gorrard Institute of Space Studies the year 2005 was the warmest in history and scientists provide an explanation that the main cause could be increased levels of greenhouse gases which are as a result of industrial activities. (Clean Air Act, 2007) Management of Global Climate Change Effects In order to manage global climate change effects manager’s commitment and dedication is of great importance and therefore it will incorporate both the two functions of planning and controlling measures. Global warming is not clear to the scientists trying to come up with solutions to it and therefore it is difficult to answer the question on how to manage global warming. Although many environmental activists have been trying to convince the current world leaders to adopt a common law that will see the elimination of fossil fuels in our countries, stiff criticism have been focused that suggests that alternative sources of fuel be developed to automatically weed what is now available in the market. Companies such as Mobil would rather resist keeping their businesses alive. However, at planning and controlling level, the following simple practices can help reduce global warming: (Maslin, 2004) ? Implementing already documented policies on environmental issues, ? Tree planting and places where deforestation has occurred, ? Proper landscaping of our homes i. e. deflecting winds away from home, ? Using hybrid vehicles with inflated tires and proper air filters, ? Unplugging of un-used electronics and ? Carpooling. Recommendations 1) The managers should incorporate all the four functions of planning, organizing, leading and controlling and should not rely on one of the above functions in order to successfully handle the changing climate. 2) The managers should also seek advice from external bodies like the UN in order to formulate viable policies that will curb the effect of change in climate 3) The managers should also incorporate other stakeholders for example employees and the surrounding population in order to jointly come up with appropriate measures that enhance solving the effects of climate change. 4) The managers should formulate strategies of curbing global warming effects that deals with economic, legal and environmental effects associated with the organization in question and the environment itself. 5) The managers should adopt and follow the Kyoto protocol in order to successful handle the effects of global climate change. (Wetherald and Manabe, 2002) Conclusion With such of gravity of the global climate issue, anybody is sure to seek answers on how to preserve this important commodity. Global climate changes is an international concern that attracts not only the attention of each person but also demands solutions from them since every individual at this generation would want to have his or her grandchildren and great grandchildren live in a wonderful environment. With such of gravity of the global climate issue, anybody is sure to seek answers on how to preserve this important commodity. Global warming is an international concern that attracts not only the attention of managers but also demands solutions from them since every individual at this generation would want to have his or her grandchildren and great grandchildren live in a wonderful environment. The most hotly debated issue we have today in the world is the global climate change. Current managers of different firms are discussing ways of curbing such developments of global warming by holding seminars and drafting policies to deal with it. Industrialized countries such as the United States, Germany, Japan and etc. are being blamed for not strictly adhering to the Kyoto protocol which was signed by most countries and accepted as the only way to control climate change. However, the biggest challenge for managers and political leaders is to eliminate very important economic contributors such as fuels from coal, sewerage and power plants that contribute to the increase in global warming. Because of its usefulness, the United Nations has been currently working with member countries to address the issue through all its organs. (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2007) Reference Clean Air Act, (2008): – U. S. policy on global warming today, Retrieved From, http://www. globalwarming. net/, on May 11, 2008 Hilltop, J. (1994): European Human Resource Management in Transition: Prentice Hall, New York Maslin, M. (2004): Global warming: a very short introduction: – Oxford University Press, New York Maundy, L. (2001): An Introduction to Human to Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice: Macmillan, Palgrave Meehl, G. A. , Washington, W. M and Collins, W. D. et al. (2005): How much more global warming and sea level rise? Science 307 Meehl, G. A. , Washington, W. M and Collins, W. D. et al. (2005): How much more global warming and sea level rise? Science 307:1769 – 1772 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008): Global Warming, Retrieved from http://www. ncdc. noaa. gov/oa/climate/globalwarming. html, on May 11, 2008 Paul, F. (2007): The Science of Discussing Changing Climate. Melbourne Circulation, Capital City Daily: Media Monitors

January Writing Prompts for Student Journals

January Writing Prompts for Student Journals Students return from the winter break during the first week of January. With the new year comes resolutions and a desire to do better. January is a great time to start students on daily writing assignments. These can be in the form of warmups or journal entries. The ideas provide writing prompts for each day of the month. Daily Writing Prompts Having a writing prompt handy for each day of the month can ease teacher planning. The numeral before each prompt represents the date in January. New Years resolutions: Many people begin the new year with a list of resolutions. Write about three of your New Years resolutions and explain what steps you need to take to make them come true.Goal setting: Goal setting is an important part of creating an ideal future for yourself. Come up with a one-year goal, a three-year goal and a 10-year goal for yourself. Then write about three steps that you will take to accomplish each of these goals.J.R.R. Tolkiens birthday: Discuss your feelings on fantasy and science fiction. Do you enjoy these types of books? Explain why or why not.Isaac Newtons birthday: Explain what Newton meant by the following quote: If I have seen further than others, it is by standing upon the shoulders of giants.National Bird Day: When the United States was founded, Benjamin Franklin argued that the national bird should be the turkey. Instead, the bald eagle was selected. Was this a good choice or should the Founding Fathers have gone with the turkey instead? Give reasons for your answer. Sherlock Holmes birthday: Today is the birthday of fictional detective Sherlock Holmes. Do you like mysteries? If so, tell about your favorite mystery book, television series, or movie. If not, explain why you dont like them. Alternatively, write about Little Christmas or the Epiphany. Many cultures celebrate a second Christmas on this date. What celebrations would you like to see twice a year?Winter break: Describe the best thing that happened to you over winter break.Elvis Presleys birthday: What is your favorite type of music? Your least favorite? Explain your reasons for each.Seasons: What is your favorite season? Why?United Nations Day: What is your opinion about Americas participation in the U.N.? Or, what  is your opinion on the effectiveness of the U.N. in negotiating world peace?Death of Francis Scott Key: On this day in 1843, Francis Scott Key died. He penned the lyrics of the Star-Spangled Banner. What is your opinion about the use of this song as a political protest (su ch as NFL Players kneeling)? Do you put your hand over your heart and stand in respect when the national anthem is played? Should athletes be required to do so? National Pharmacist Day: Meat producers around the nation typically put low levels of antibiotics in the animals food to help promote growth. However, some people are concerned that this leads to antibiotic-resistant bacteria in humans. The meat industry argues that if it were unable to include antibiotics, the cost of meat would dramatically increase. Do you think that the meat industry should be forced to stop using these antibiotics? Defend your answer.Make Your Dreams Come True Day: What is a dream that you have for your future? Describe this dream and explain the steps you can take right away to help make it come true.Benedict Arnolds birthday: React to the following statement: One mans traitor is another mans hero.Super Bowl hype: Do you watch the Super Bowl for the game, the ads or both? Explain your answer.Passage of the 18th Amendment: This amendment  to the U.S. Constitution prohibited â€Å"the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors† but not the consumption, private possession, or production for one’s own consumption. Currently, a large number of states and the District of Columbia have laws broadly legalizing marijuana in some form, but marijuana is still against federal law. Should states have the right  to allow  marijuana be regulated like alcohol? Benjamin Franklins birthday: What was Franklins most important contribution to America?Winnie-the-Pooh Day: Which character from Winnie-the-Pooh do you think is most like you? Explain your answer.Popcorn Day: What is your favorite movie? Or, who is your favorite film director? Why?Presidential Inauguration Day: What qualities does it take to be an effective president of the United States? Or, what makes a president of the United States ineffective? What evidence do you have to support your answer?Martin Luther Kings birthday: King stated in his famous I Have a Dream speech: I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. What is your opinion on how close America has come to fulfilling  Kings dream? What evidence do you have to support your opinion?National Hobby Month: What is your favorite hobby? What makes it your favorite?National Blood Donors Month: Should b lood donors be paid to donate blood? Explain your answer. California Gold Rush: If you had lived in the 1840s when gold was discovered in California, do you think that you would have traveled West to take part? Why or why not?National Opposite Day: What would you do differently if you were the teacher in this class? Or, what is the opposite reaction that you have from your family on a topic (politics, music, technology)? Why do you react differently?Australia Day: Have you ever traveled out of the country? If so, describe the similarities and differences between the country you visited and America. If not, explain which countries youd like to visit and why.Lewis Carrolls birthday: Which character from Alice in Wonderland would you most want to meet? Which would you least like to meet? Why?Jackson Pollocks birthday: What is your opinion of modern art? Do you like it or hate it? Why?Thomas Paines birthday: Do you agree with the following statement by Thomas Paine: Government, even in its best state, is but a necessary evil; in its worst state , an intolerable one. Explain your answer. Franklin Roosevelts birthday: Franklin Roosevelt was elected to four terms as president. After this, the 22nd Amendment was passed limiting the president to two terms or 10 years. Do you think that there should be term limits for presidents? What about for senators and representatives? Explain your answer.Jackie Robinsons birthday: Robinson was the first African-American to play baseball in the Major Leagues. Many praised him for his courage. How do you define courage? Give examples of people who you think are courageous.

The Biggest Mistake Youre Making at Work -The JobNetwork

The Biggest Mistake Youre Making at Work -The JobNetwork Jenny Blake, a former career coach at Google says: â€Å"Being stuck in one place for too long is not going to work.† In her new book Pivot, she goes on to describe what, in her view, is the biggest mistake people make in their careers. Namely, â€Å"Taking action based on fear or ‘shoulds’.†If you feel like you are stuck in an unfulfilling job or situation, afraid to change your situation for fear of it being the wrong decision, plagued by the â€Å"what ifs,† then Blake’s book might be an important read for you.In the meantime, here are 10  ways you could overcome your fear of change and make it work for you.1. Gather your courage.In order to turn an opportunity into an outcome, you’ll have to have the courage to try. Start shoring yours up.2. Embrace fear.Fear is totally normal, and almost impossible to get rid of entirely. We can’t get rid of it, but we can change our relationship to it by changing how we react when we†™re afraid.3.  Harness anxiety.Sometimes your anxiety is a very effective radar system helping you tell the good opportunities from the riskier ones. If you can dial down your panic a bit to listen to what your intuition is telling you, you can start to use your anxiety as a tool for helping you embrace the best change possible, rather than hiding from all change.4. Embrace failureJust like fear, failure can be a productive and useful tool. Next time you fail, try to figure out the lessons you can learn and move on. You won’t fail at the same thing twice!5. Be flexible.Learn how to improvise. You don’t want to be the person who makes inflexible plans and then is unable to think fast on your feet.6. Gamble a little.Sometimes it’s a numbers game, or a matter of odds. Make a bunch of small bets on yourself and eventually your minor wins will add up to something major.7. Don’t fear experimentation.You mustn’t be afraid of trying new things. If you experiment often and continue trying new ways to succeed, you’ll get there a lot faster.8. Choose your battles.You can’t win all the time. Pick the battles that mean the most to you, press for the things that matter, and retreat when it’s not worth your energy to fight.9. Always keep on moving.Make sure you keep moving forward, no matter what. Getting stuck is worse than stumbling a little on the path to success.10.  Don’t be a slacker.The best way to not be left in the dust- or better, to find your best path to where you want to be- is to keep up with your industry and your business. Stay on the cutting edge, where you have the best chance of pivoting.

Multiple questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

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Retail Analyst Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Retail Analyst - Essay Example e use of spreadsheet program, Microsoft excel, statistical software and similar programs that will help him have a big picture of how the business is going. Obviously, the retail analyst also should have strong mathematical and analytical skills because it is his duty to figure out the meanings of charts and numbers and how that information affects the success of the business. Communication skill is also essential so he can be able to make lay people understand the concepts analyzed from the data. A certification may suffice for employment but some might require a license. The job is quite enormous but to one who is inclined to the task, it is quite simple and might even be fulfilling especially that a retail analyst can be compensated from $30,000-70,000 per year. With the descriptions mentioned above, retail analysis can be said to fall under applied science, specifically in applied mathematics. Science is applied in the job by observing how a business flows especially when it comes to what sells fastest and what is stocked for a long time. Once the best-sellers or the problems are identified, solutions should be strategically planned and analyzed. Retail analyst seems to be a job that might interest me because I believe I have the mathematical and analytical skills so I just might consider pursuing such a

Madison Debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Madison Debate - Essay Example On the other hand, Mr. Randolph proposed the formation of a national government consisting of three branches that include supreme legislative, executive, and judiciary (Lillian Goldman Law Library 1). He also proposed two branches for the national legislature. In the New Jersey plan, Mr. Patterson proposed one house in the Congress while in the Virginia plan Mr. Randolph proposed two houses in the Congress (Lillian Goldman Law Library 1). In the New Jersey plan, the Union States in Congress elected the congressional members while in the Virginia plan the people of the several states elected the congressional members (Lillian Goldman Law Library 1). The two plans defined terms of service for the legislative branch where in the Virginia plan, the congressional members served for a term of three years while in the New Jersey plan the congressional members served for one term of unspecified years (Lillian Goldman Law Library 1). There are differences in congressional representation in the Virginia plan by Mr. Randolph and the New Jersey plan by Mr. Patterson. The New Jersey plan determines a states members based on the number of white & other free citizens & inhabitants of every age sex and condition (Lillian Goldman Law Library 1). On the other hand, the Virginia plan determines a states members based on the limits of the Union States from a voluntary junction of Government & territory or otherwise (Lillian Goldman Law Library 1). In both plans, the votes by states in Congress define the powers of the Congress and determine the management and operations of Union states. Moreover, congressional power differs in the two plans where powers of the Congress with relation to the New Jersey plan helps in passing acts for raising a revenue, making rules & regulations, and altering and amending the acts as they deem fit (Lillian Goldman Law Library

Kenyan Strategy on Infant and Young Child Feeding

Kenyan Strategy on Infant and Young Child Feeding HOW DID THE KENYAN STRATEGY ON INFANT AND YOUNG CHILD FEEDING COME TO BE?A CRITICAL ANALYSIS. *Commonly used Acronyms EBF-Exclusive Breastfeeding IYCF/N-Infant and Young Child Feeding/Nutrition BFHI/CI-Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative/Community Initiative. MOPHS-Ministry Of Public Health and Sanitation The first 1000 days of life are crucial stages for a childs growth and development. Damages accrued from nutritional deficiencies during this time are likely to lead to poor cognitive development which results into compromised educational achievement and hence low economic productivity.(Murage et.al,2013;Bhutta et.al,2013).Poor nutrition results from inappropriate feeding practices with poor timing, poor quality and inadequate quantity of food.(M.O.P.H.S,2010). Optimal breastfeeding and complimentary feeding practices are essential in meeting the nutritional needs of children in the first years of life.The Lancet (2003),indicates that exclusive breastfeeding(EBF) for the first 6 months, followed by continued breastfeeding from 6-11 months in addition to complementary feeding and a continued breastfeeding up-to 2 years of age help reduce child mortality rates by 19%.This would not only be in line with The Kenyan National Health Sector Strategic Plan II but also significantly contribute towards attainment of Millennium Development Goal 4(Huffman et.al,2001), and The Kenyan Vision 2030.(M.O.H,2000). Several worldwide efforts intended to address child malnutrition emerged in the 1990s,championing to promote Infant and Young Child Feeding by providing appropriate breastfeeding environment.(M.O.P.H.S,2007/10).These included; The Innocenti Declaration(1990),World Summit For Children(1990),Earth Summit, International Conferences on Nutrition and on Population Development(1992),World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action(WABA) and the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative. The 2003 Kenya Demographic Health Survey(KDHS) results showed only 2.6% of exclusive breastfeeding( EBF) rates in the country.Additionally, the rates of malnutrition were 30% for stunting,20% underweight and 6% severe malnutrition. Between 2008-2009,Kenya was listed among the top 20 countries with the highest under-nutrition rates.26.9% stunting and 20.3% underweight rates for ages 6-59 months(KDHS 2008/09;KNBS,2008).The HIV pandemic and the attendant risk of Mother To Child Transmission continued to pose a threat to exclusive breastfeeding even to the non-affected families.A study revealed the increased fear by both mothers and peer counsellors on the risk of HIV transmission through breastfeeding(Koricho et.al,2010).The peer counsellors were more comfortable if HIV positive mothers would abstain from EBF and rather opt for replacement feeding which mostly did not meet the WHO guideline of AFASS(Acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable, safe).This led to an increase in infant m ortality rates and malnutrition(Creek et.al,2006). Over 30 countries have developed National IYCF(Infant Young Child Feeding) Strategies based on WHO/UNICEF guidelines..(Sagoe et.al,2012;WHO,2006).Kenya was also a signatory to all global conventions meant to improve IYCF practices.(M.O.P.H.S,2007/10). This essay aims to critically analyse the Kenyan Strategy on Infant and Young Child Feeding practices (IYCF), developed between 2007-2010. The strategy was intended to provide a strong mechanism, through which the government and various sectors could in a comprehensive and coordinated manner influence accelerated action to improve IYCF practices in Kenya.(M.O.P.H.S,2007/1O).I will draw upon the Walt and Gilson approach of the health policy triangle(1994,cited by Buse et.al,2012) to critically analyse and discuss how the Strategy came into place, what were the key driving factors and the stakeholders involved in the policy making process. I will combine the health policy triangle for analysis and John Kingdons Policy Windows and 3streams approach to agenda setting. The Health Policy Triangle comes in as a more suitable approach, as it acknowledges the importance of looking at content and process of policy making; besides exploring the role of power by the state, national and internati onal organisations and its influence on policy making.(Buse et.al,2012).Kenya is a low income country hence hence a policy making process would involve an interaction among various different stakeholders. Buse et.al(2012) defines policy as the decisions made by those with responsibility for a given area; and a health policy as that which covers courses of action or inaction that affects the set of institutions, organisations, services and funding arrangements of both private and public healthcare systems.The health policy triangle is divided into four constituent parts, both interrelated and interconnected and which are suitable for describing and understanding the Kenyan IYCF Strategy. These include the context, content, process and actors. Context entails the political, social, economic, cultural, both national and international which may have an effect on health policy(Buse et.al,2012).Further classified into situational, structural, cultural and international/exogenous factors by Leichter (1979),cited by Buse et.al,(2012).Some of the situational factors that stimulated the development of The Kenyan Strategy on IYCF include the issue of HIV and its great influence on exclusive breastfeeding and the increased rates of malnutrition combined with decline in the key indicators of IYCF(M.O.P.H.S,2007/10).A rapid assessment study (Chopra et.al,2009)indicated widespread mis- information on the Mother To Child Transmission(MTCT) of HIV as a major factor influencing breastfeeding patterns in Kenya.IYCF practices that differ from the commonly seen ones in the community would result in unwanted disclosure of HIV status.(Onono et.al,2014).This had a great influence on the duration of breastfeeding and the method of infant feeding used by the mother. Increased malnutrition rates caused by declined exclusive breastfeeding rates from 3.5%(KDHS 1998)to 2.6%(KDHS 2003) was the other factor(M.O.P.H.S,2007/10).Structural factors included inadequate capacity building on healthcare workers on IYCF ,HIV and breastfeeding leading to decline in promotion of Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative(BFHI) and breastfeeding promotion through healthcare facilities(Kimani et.al,2015;MOPHS,2007/10).Buse et.al,2012 describes capacity as the ability of the government to make and implement policies.Kenya recorded a decline in BFHI from 600 in 1996 to less than 6 in 2003(M.O.P.H.S,2007/10;Chopra et.al,2009). On the other hand, contextual cultural factors would entail issues such as, the fact that 60-80% of Kenyan women were involved in labour and agricultural practices with minimal male involvement in childcare, leading to poor child caring practices(MOPHS,2007/10).Other beliefs and practices in Kenyan families e.g the belief that breast milk alone is not sufficient for a child also played a great role in influencing the strategy(MOPHS,2007/10;Matsuyama et.al,2013;Murage et.al,2013).To most African countries, exclusive breastfeeding(EBF) is alien(Magoni et.al 2005,cited by Onono et.al,2014).Mixed feeding(breastfeeding along with other liquids or fluids) is the most common method of infant feeding globally and is often continued up to 2 years of age.The strategy was developed to mirror the WHO/UNICEF global strategy for IYCF that was developed to improve global IYCF practices.(Murage,2015).Kenyas aim was to actualize this through the BFHI, along with other interventions such as adopting a nd implementing the WHO Code Of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes(MOPHS,2007/10)meant to regulate the marketing of breast milk substitutes.A reflection of the influence of international factors to the development of this strategy. Content of a policy refers to substance of a particular policy which details its constituent parts.The aim of the strategy was to contribute to improved health, nutritional status development and survival of infants and young children in Kenya.(MOPHS,2007/2010).Some of the component parts and targets of the strategy between 2008-2010 included: strengthening national structures on IYCF to facilitate planning, coordination and advocacy for implementation of the strategy; updating the existent IYCF policy guidelines and the National policies in the context of HIV, to be in line with WHO consensus and statement on HIV and IYCF(WHO,2006) ,and disseminating it by 2008;Enactment of Kenyan National Law for regulation of foods eaten by children aged below 3years and putting up a monitoring system by 2009;revitalization of the Kenyan BFHI to ensure 75% of mothers who deliver in healthcare facilities are initiated on exclusive breastfeeding and providing support and necessary information to hel p them continue up to 6 months of age; ensuring support for breastfeeding mothers by employees through the Employment Act and attendance of IYCF Inter-grated Course by 60% health workers, and 80% PMTCT service providers.The nine main strategic components deemed crucial for the attainment of the strategy goals included; policies and legislation on IYCF, practices in IYCF and IYCF in difficult circumstances, HIV and infant feeding, capacity building on IYCF, communication and advocacy, research on IYCF, partnerships and coordination and finally monitoring and evaluation in IYCF.(MOPHS,2007/10). The process of policy making refers to the way in which policies are initiated,developed,formulated,negotiated,communicated,implemented and evaluated.(Buse et.al,2012).The Kenyan strategy on IYCF can be broken down into the four different theoretical stages of policy process named by Sabatier Smith,(1993) cited by Buse et.al,(2012).These are, problem identification, policy formulation, policy implementation and evaluation.Kenya had recorded a decline on key indicators on IYCF during the two decades prior to the formation of this strategy.Exclusive breastfeeding rates were at 3% with virtually no BFHI facilities(MOH,2007-2010).Additionally, only about 52% of mothers would initiate breastfeeding within one hour.Complementary feeds were introduced way too early for the babies.These issues were closely linked to poor IYCF programming at that time(Lancet 2003;MOPHS,2007/2010). On formulation, The Strategy was developed as a measure that sought to build on past initiatives and improvements to promote IYCF in Kenya(Murage et.al.2013).It was derived from The Global Strategy on IYCF, the Kenyan Policy Guidelines on IYCF, The National Assessment of IYCF policies, programmes and practices and National Food and Nutrition Policy (was still being reviewed in parliament).(MOPHS,2007/10).The rationale for the strategy accrued from among other issues, the increased evidence on interventions to promote exclusive breastfeeding and complimentary feeding practices being able to prevent about a fifth of under-five mortality rates in developing countries(Lancet,2003;MOPHS,2007/10). Nutrition is universally recognized as a childs right to enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health(UNICEF,2012).Based on the global strategy, an assessment of IYCF policies, programmes and practices was conducted in 2004.(Sagoe et.al,2012).Weaknesses were identified, hence leading to a suggestion of the need for a national programme focusing on IYCF, with high levels of advocacy if mothers and children were to practice exclusive breast and complementary feeding.This strategy evolved as a response to that assessment. The strategy would be mainly implemented through BFHI which promotes breastfeeding around the maternity ward during the time of delivery (Murage et.al,2013).It would call for increased political will, public investment and heightened awareness of the critical importance of IYCF amongst health workers, other professionals and community based care providers.(MOH,2007/10).Additionally, involvement of the government, families, communities and community based organisations(CBOs)in collaboration with international organisations and other concerned parties would ensure that necessary action is taken(MOH,2007). The monitoring and evaluation(ME) process would be achieved through: reviewing, developing and harmonizing monitoring and evaluation tools for IYCF; developing and installing software for IYCF at district level; all level monitoring of the National Communication Strategy on IYCF; developing and maintaining a data bank for the persons trained on IYCF/BFHI/code; developing ME tools for IYCF in difficult situations including HIV and Infant Feeding; regular review of IYCF strategy implementation, among many other evaluation strategies such as ME of the implementation of the communication strategy at all levels.(MOPHS,2007). Actors in a policy refers to individuals, organizations the state and their actions that affect policy(Buse.et.al,2012).They may try to influence policy at local, regional, national and international levels.Buse et.al(2012) further classifies the actors into: interest/pressure groups which refers to a type of civil society group that attempts to influence the policy to achieve specific goals; or civil society groups which refers to group or organization which is outside the government and beyond the family group.The actors who played different roles towards the formation of this strategy and were to be actively involved in the implementation included: the government; the non-governmental organisations and community based support groups; international organisations; industries and enterprises; professional associations, ministries, mass media and other groups and communities which includes parents and caregivers directly responsible for feeding children.(MOPHS,2007/10).These can be cl assified as either interest/pressure groups or the civil society groups. The power of international bodies and their influence on the development of this strategy is clearly depicted.Power as defined by Buse et.al,(2012) is the ability to influence and to control resources or the ability to achieve a desired outcome.Being a member of the WHO, Kenya had to comply to the guide it provided on IYCF by creating a National strategy, just like all the other member countries(Jones et.al,2013;Sagoe et.al,2012)),especially within the Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and the Caribbean.The strategy also adopts the BFHI which was originally launched by WHO/UNICEF(1991) following the Innocenti Declaration, meant to promote exclusive breastfeeding (WHO/UNICEF,2009).A demonstration of the power emanating from WHO as a decision making process.(Dahl,1961 cited by Buse et.al,2012). Development of the strategy would involve using WHO/LINKAGES assessment tool to assess the policies and practices in the country, after which they would be rated after review by national stakeholders and the results used to create a interventions meant to address the gaps(Sagoe et.al,2012). A mixed scanning method of decision making was applied in the formation of the strategy.Mixed scanning would involve a sweep of the problem as a whole followed by a detailed analysis of the component parts(Etzoni,1967 cited by Buse et.al,2012).The Ministry Of Health ,at the national level was involved in assessments intended to quantify the levels of different IYCF practices.Whereas the Ministry Of Public Health And Sanitation(MOPHS)went further ahead to come up with different approaches towards addressing the issue e.g revitalizing BFHI, training all health officials on PMTCT(Prevention of Mother to child transfer);and renewing commitments to create an environment that enabled Kenyan women to practice optimal IYCF.Additionally,it would collaborate with other ministries and international stakeholders and NGOs towards fulfilment of the objectives of the strategy.Therefore working as a policy community. A Policy community is a recognizable subdivision of public policy making in which there is sustained interaction between participants through a web of formal and informal relationships(Buse.et.al,2012).It was demonstrated through participation and consultation among different key IYCF stakeholders; including the government, international bodies, non-governmental organisations and communities, steered by a technical working group under the auspices of National Infant Feeding Steering Committee(MOPHS,2007/10). A legislative framework that would help support and promote breastfeeding had to be set up in the formation of the strategy.The legislature refers to a body that enacts the laws that govern a country and oversees the executive.(Buse et.al,2012).Its roles would include, legislation to give effect to the aims and principles of the International Code Of Breast Milk Substitutes.Additionally,it would legislate towards protecting and supporting breastfeeding among working mothers.(MOPHS,2007/2010). Getting onto the agenda setting aspect of the IYCF strategy; Kingdons(1984) theoretical model of agenda setting(cited by Buse et.al,2012), would be much suitable in explaining how the Kenyan Strategy on IYCF became a major focus of government. Agenda setting is the process by which issues come into the policy agenda from the much larger number of issues potentially worthy of attention by policy makers.(Buse et.al,2012).Policy making is therefore viewed in agenda setting as responding to daily problems that need solutions.(Thomas and Grindle,1991 cited by Buse et.al,2012).The approach focuses on the role of policy entrepreneurs within and outside the government who utilize policy windows(agenda setting opportunities)to move issues onto the governments formal agenda.It is explained using 3 streams ;problem, policy and politics streams and the policy windows.Policy entrepreneurs promote their ideas into many different fora and invest time to ensure they are put onto the agenda.(Kingdon, 1995). Problem stream is defined as public matters that requires attention(Gulbrandson and Fossum,2009). With an emphasis that it only becomes a problem if identified by the decision makers besides other lists of problems presented.Chopra et.al 2009 acknowledges the existence of a huge gap in the level of political support that nutrition and infant feeding was able to achieve compared to other components of the Prevention of Mother To Child Transfer(PMTCT) programme.An explanation to the delay in implementation of the then, already existing IYCF policy and the pending approval of other existent nutritional programmes that would promote IYCF.The Ministry Of Public Health and Sanitation(MOPHS) was majorly involved in advocacy besides other nongovernmental organizations.The overwhelming evidence on malnutrition recorded by KDHS and Kenya Bureau of Statistics e.g 29.% stunting and 20.3% underweight children, data on huge reduction in EBF and decrease in BFHI by 70% (KDHS 2003;Lancet,2003) were the key indicators that evidenced the magnitude of the issue and the need for prompt government action. Implementing this strategy was Kenyas way of renewing its commitment to WHO, by adopting its 2006 consensus statements on HIV and infant feeding.It was also a major stakeholder and a potential source of funding.The policy stream consists of ongoing problem analysis, and their proposed solutions together with debates surrounding the problems.(Buse et.al,2012).The solutions should be easily available and promptly reachable by decisionmakers.(Guldbrandson and Fossum,2009). The strategy was drawn from national assessments of IYCF policies ,programmes and practices in the country(2004)and from consultative meetings with stakeholders.In addition to being harmonized with the National Food and Nutrition policy that was pending in the government at that time; it was intended as a guide of action based on accumulated evidence on importance of infant and child nutrition during their early months and years of life and for growth and development.(MOPHS,2007;Murage et.al,2013). The Kenyan Public Health Sanitation ministry then also had the expertise, technical and programme knowledge to rapidly improve Infant and Young Child Feeding indicators and to save lives.(MOPHS,2007/2010). Politics stream is defined as being composed of such events as national mood swings, government changes and campaigns by interest groups.(Buse et.al 2012;Guldbrandson and Fusson,2009).The year of 2007 was an elections and campaign year in Kenya.The then existing government had a strong intention to go for a second term.Cairney and Jones,(2015) describe this as an existence of both motive an opportunity in politics stream.Implementing the IYCF strategy during this period would be one of the moves to entice the public by showing attention to their problems.The strategy would provide a strong framework through which the government and other important stakeholders could contribute towards improvement of Kenyan childrens nutritional status through IYCF practices.(MOPHS,2007/10). The existence of an attention lurching problem(problem stream),with readily proposed solutions(policy stream) and a conducive and positive political environment that accepted and supported the strategy(politics stream) led to development of a policy window.An opportunity to develop the strategy in parliament and eventually its implementation. The Kenyan Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation(MOPHS-Kenya)would support this strategy by renewing its commitment to create an enabling environment for optimal IYCF(MOPHS,2007/10).It would also improve child survival by strengthening focus on IYCF through various ways like: advocating for enforcement and implementation of Maternity protection Provision in the Employment Act 2007 in all sectors; working with the attorney general and the Minister Of Justice and Constitutional Affairs to ensure enactment of a law that protects optimal IYCF; develop clear, consistent policies and guidelines; build the entire capacity of the public and private healthcare system to implement them, among many other key supportive tasks.(MOPHS,2007). Development of the IYCF strategy was a huge and commendable step in Kenya.Different factors are clearly outlined as having contributed towards its formation.Improvement infant and young child feeding practices, and maternal health being the core driving factors, besides adherence to WHO Global Strategy on IYCF.(MOPHS,2007/10).By 2012,Kenya was in its final stages of enacting the strategy.(Sagoe et.al,2012). The successive process of the strategy formation can be attributed to, the involvement of WHO/UNICEF, the intense collaboration between the Ministry of Health(MOH) and the MOPHS-Kenya together with other major national and international NGOs such as APHIA II Partners, World Vision Kenya among many others.(MOPHS,2007/10) Several significant achievements accrued from the implementation of this strategy include the 61% increase in EBF rates(KDHS,2014).Making Kenya among the handful of countries that have managed to achieve the WHA target of 50% EBF rates by 2025.Enactment of the Code of Marketing for breastmilk substitutes(Sagoe et.al,2012)and the development of various models like the BFHI and the Breast Feeding Community initiative(APHRC,2014) have greatly contributed towards achieving high EBF rates. A critical analysis of the strategy implementation process and the challenges pertaining to its implementation, an aspect my essay did not focus on; would be a clear and concise way of depicting the achievements of the strategy and the barriers faced on rolling out and implementation of its plans. TOTAL WORD COUNT-3,265.